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Prognostic Significance of Substance P and Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Bladder Cancer
Elnaz Zahiri, Hamidreza Ghorbani, Ali Moradi, Hassan Mehrad-Majd, Fariba Mohammadi, Noorieh Sharifi Sistani, Seyed Isaac Hashemy,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Vol.11 No.3 Oct 2022)
Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common genitourinary cancers with significant mortality. Finding reliable tumor markers and potential drug targets can improve early diagnosis, prognosis, and more effective therapeutic protocols. Previous studies have reported the involvement of the substance P (SP)/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) system in cancers. The potential prognostic role and the interaction of SP and NK-1R in bladder tumor are yet to be elucidated.

Methods: Serum samples from 22 primarily diagnosed patients with bladder cancer as well as 22 healthy controls were examined for SP level using ELISA method. Tissue distribution of NK-1R in tumor samples and their adjacent normal tissues was evaluated through immunohistochemistry.
esults: Serum SP levels in patients with bladder cancer were higher than the healthy group (p< 0.001) and had a significant correlation with NK-1R staining intensity (p< 0.001), percentage of stained cells (p< 0.001), and NK-1R tissue distribution. Also, the immunoreactivity of NK-1R in cancer samples increased significantly without correlation with tumor characteristics. However, no significant association was found between SP and NK-1R levels with clinical characteristics including tumor size (p= 0.33), tumor stage (p= 0.29), grade (p= 0.93), NK-1R staining intensity (p= 0.53), and percentage of stained cells (p= 0.32).

Conclusions: According to our findings, despite the lack of association between SP and NK-1R with clinical characteristics of bladder cancer, their serum levels were higher in patients with bladder cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential prognostic role of SP and NK-1R in bladder cancer.

Impact of MTHFR Gene Polymorphisms C677T and A1298C on Congenital Atrial Septal Defect Risk in an Iranian Cohort
Noor Mohammad Noori, Saeedeh Yaghoubi, Ali Aghighi, Mohsen Taheri, Gholamreza Bahari,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (Vol.13 No.3 Oct 2024)
Abstract
Background: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are recognized as the most common heart abnormalities amongst newborns and children, and atrial septal defect (ASD) is recognized as one of the most frequent forms of CHD. Prior studies indicated that the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene contributes to the etiology of CHD. Therefore, we designed a case-control study to assess the possible role of the MTHFR gene, specifically the C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131) polymorphisms within the Iranian ASD population sample.

Method: A total of 166 subjects (81 children diagnosed with ASD and 85 control participants) were enrolled in this research. Samples genotyped for MTHFR rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms using the PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR approaches.

Results: Our results indicated that rs1801131 variant reduced the risk of ASD in codominant (OR [95%CI]: 0.41[0.21-0.83], P=0.012), dominant (OR[95%CI]: 0.48 [0.25-0.93], p=0.028) and overdominant (OR[95%CI]: 0.44 [0.23-0.81], P=0.009) models. Moreover, rs1801133 variant increased the risk of ASD in codominant (OR[95%CI]: 2.68[1.39-5.16], P = 0.003), dominant (OR [95% CI]: 2.72 [1.43–5.14], P = 0.002), overdominant (OR [95% CI]: 2.50 [1.31–4.78], P = 0.005), and allelic (OR [95% CI]: 2.16 [1.27–3.69], P = 0.004) models.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that MTHFR rs1801133 and rs1801131 variants may potentially affect the onset of ASD.

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