Showing 7 results for Gastric Cancer
Mustafa Kahtan Al-Bayaty, Salma Abdul-Rudha Abass, Mohammed Faraj Al-Marjani,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2019)
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is still the main health threat being the third leading cause of deaths from cancers in the world. The major risk behind the gastric cancer is that it remains asymptomatic in the early stages and in (97%) cases it metastasizes to other organs. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease in which Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been known as a risk factor. However, patients with gastritis, especially atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer have been shown to be at an increased risk for developing gastric cancer.
Methods: This study included measuring the serum levels of E-Cadherin protein, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 30 patients diagnosed with gastritis, 20 gastric ulcer patients, 20 gastric cancer patients and in 20 healthy volunteers serving as the control group.
Results: Infection with H. pylori was diagnosed by serology (IgA and IgG antibodies) as well as by rapid urease test (RUT) and histology. The results showed that 50 (71.4%) of the patients were positive for H. pylori. Levels of E-Cadherin were increased significantly in all patients in comparison to the control group with a large significant increase in the gastric cancer group. The levels of E-Cadherin were also significantly increased in H. pylori infected patients compared to H. pylori negative patients. A non-significant difference in the levels of CA19-9 and CEA was observed in all patients in comparison to healthy controls.
Conclusions: This study concluded that serum E-Cadherin could be considered as a potential marker in diagnosis of gastric cancer.
Zohreh Hoseinkhani, Mohsen Rastegari-Pouyani, Farahnaz Tajemiri, Kheirollah Yari, Kamran Mansouri,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: The association of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and its receptor, vitamin D receptor (VDR), with cancer types have been studied. However, there are controversial findings regarding the association of specific VDR polymorphisms with different kinds of cancers. In the current study, we investigated the association of VDR polymorphisms (Fok1 (rs2228570), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), and TaqI (rs731236)) with the risk of gastric cancer in a Kurdish population of Kermanshah in Iran for the first time.
Methods: In this case-control study, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used in 99 gastric cancer patients and 100 healthy subjects as controls.
Results: The frequencies of f (FokI), b (BsmI), t (TaqI), and a (ApaI) alleles were: 55.6%, 27.3%, 62.1%, and 44.95% in the patient group, respectively and 42%, 29.5%, 54.5%, and 46.0% in the control group, respectively. Analysis of the results indicated that there was a positive association between the frequency of FokI genotypes with gastric cancer risk (p= 0.021). However, no statistically significant association of BsmI, Taq1, and ApaI polymorphisms of VDR was detected in gastric patients when compared with healthy individuals.
Conclusions: VDR-FokI polymorphism could increase the risk of GC development and predispose to the disease by mechanisms.
Sadegh Fattahi, Novin Nikbakhsh, Hassan Taheri , Mohammad Ranaee, Haleh Akhavan-Niaki,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide that currently lacks effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Next-generation RNA sequencing is a powerful tool that allows rapid and accurate transcriptome-wide profiling to detect differentially expressed transcripts involved in normal biological and pathological processes. Given the function of this technique, it has the potential to identify new molecular targets for the early diagnosis of disease, particularly in gastric adenocarcinoma.
Methods: In this study, whole-transcriptome analysis was performed with RNA sequencing on tumoral and non-tumoral tissue samples from patients with early-stage gastric cancer. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were used to determine the main function of the specific genes and pathways present in tissue samples.
Results: Analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed 5 upregulated and 234 downregulated genes in gastric cancer tissues. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed significantly dysregulated signalling pathways, including those involved in gastric acid secretion, drug metabolism and transporters, molecular toxicology, O-linked glycosylation of mucins, immunotoxicity, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and glycosylation. We also found novel downregulated non-coding RNAs present in gastric cancer tissues, including GATA6 antisense RNA 1, antisense to LYZ, antisense P4HB, overlapping ACER2, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2688 (LINC02688) and uncharacterized LOC25845 (PP7080).
Conclusions: The transcriptomic data found in this study illustrates the power of RNA-sequencing in discovering novel genes and tumorigenic pathways involved in human carcinogenesis. The anomalies present in these genes may serve as promising tools for the development of accurate diagnostic biomarkers for the detection of early-stage gastric cancer.
Mona Noohi, Mojdeh Hakemi-Vala, Jamileh Nowroozi, Seyed-Reza Fatemi, Mehrouz Dezfulian,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (8-2021)
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to suggest a high specific and sensitive blood biomarker for early GC diagnosis.
Methods: the expression data of miRNAs and mRNAs were collected from the blood samples of the GC patients based on literature mining. Bioinformatics tools and databases (PANTHER, TargetScan, miRTarBase, miRDB, STRING, and Cytoscape) were used to predict the regulatory relationship. Subsequently, expression level of the selected miRNA was evaluated in the blood samples of gastritis patients to recognize the common miRNA between the GC and gastritis patients.
Results: Analysis of 40 target genes by MCODE (installed in Cytoscape software) indicated 4 hub genes (WWP1, SKP2, KLHL42, and FBXO11) as a significant cluster in the PPI network related to miR-21, with Node Score Cutoff: 0.2, Degree Cutoff: 2 and K-Core: 2. In addition, the miRNA RT-qPCR results showed that, the expression level of miR-21 was significantly higher in gastritis group compared to the healthy group (p< 0.05).
Conclusions: the present study clearly demonstrated the increasing level of blood miR-21 among the gastritis patients infected by H. pylori. Therefore, the altered miRNAs, especially overexpression of onco-miRs, may identify a potential link between miRNAs and pathogenesis of the H. pylori–related complications.
Ahmed Abd Temur, Farah Aqeel Rashid,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a common gastrointestinal tumor biomarker. Irisin is adipo-myokines that has been suggested to have a potential role in cancer development. However, limited studies test irisin as biomarker in gastric and colorectal cancers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether CEA and irisin could be a potential diagnostic biomarker in gastric and colorectal cancer.
Methods: A case-control study consists of 90 subjects, 21 gastric cancer patients, 49 colorectal cancer patients and 20 control. Serum CEA was detected by fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) kit. Serum irisin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
Results: Serum CEA increases significantly and serum irisin decreases significantly in gastric and colorectal cancer patients. According to Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, in gastric cancer, the area under curve of CEA is 1.00 (95% CI, 1.000-1.000, p< 0.0001). The diagnostic
cut-off of CEA is< 3.08 ng/ml with %100 sensitivity and 100% specificity. The area under curve of irisin is 0.94 (95% CI, 0.8177-1.000, p< 0.0001). The cut-off of irisin is> 30.2 ng/ml with %90 sensitivity and 100%, specificity. In colorectal cancer, the area under curve of CEA is 0.99 (95% CI, 0.9866-1.000, p<0.0001) and the diagnostic value< 2.6 ng/ml with %98 sensitivity and %100 specificity. The area under curve of irisin is 0.96 (95% CI, 0.9155-1.000, p< 0.0001). The diagnostic cut-off of irisin is> 41.9 ng/ml with 88.1sensitivity and 90.5 specificity.
Conclusions: CEA and irisin could be powerful potential diagnostic biomarkers which would be use for early detection of gastric and colorectal cancers.
Pouya Tofigh, Seyed Mehdi Mirghazanfari, Zahra Hami, Ehsan Nassireslami, Mohsen Ebrahimi,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background: The therapeutic potential of Quercus infectoria (QI) gall, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, is well-known. However, its impact on lung, gastric, and esophageal cancer cells remain unclear. This study aims to explore the effects of QI gall aqueous extract on cell viability, apoptosis, and gene expression in A549, BGC823, and KYSE-30 cell lines.
Methods: A549, BGC823, and KYSE-30 cells were seeded in complete medium and incubated with different concentrations of QI gall extract for 24 hours. Cell viability was measured by an MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. The induction of apoptosis was assessed through flow cytometric analysis after the adding FITC-conjugated Annexin V (Annexin V-FITC) and propidium iodide (PI). The mRNA expression levels of CCND1, TP53, BCL2, and BAX genes were determined using Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction analysis.
Results: The MTT assay demonstrated that treatment with QI gall extract significantly reduced the number of viable cells in the A549, BGC823, and KYSE-30 cell lines at IC50 concentrations of 440.1, 437.1, and 465.2 mg/ml, respectively. Additionally, compared to untreated cell population, the percentages of early apoptosis, late apoptosis, and necrosis in the A549, BGC823, and KYSE-30 cells significantly increased following treatment with QI gall extract (P< 0.05). Also, the treatment with QI gall extract influenced the expression of CCND1, TP53, BCL2, and BAX genes.
Conclusions: The present findings indicated that the gall extract of QI can inhibit the growth of A549, BGC823, and KYSE-30 cells by inducing apoptosis, which may be mediated via mitochondria‑dependent pathway.
Mohammad Bagher Jahantab, Mohammad Salehi, Mehdi Koushki, Reyhaneh Farrokhi Yekta, Nasrin Amiri-Dashatan, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani*,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy with high recurrence. Advances in systems biology have identified molecular pathways and biomarkers. This study focuses on discovering gene and miRNA biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting survival in GC patients.
Methods: Three sets of genes (GSE19826, GSE81948, and GSE112369) and two sets of miRNA expression (GSE26595, GSE78775) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Functional pathway enrichment, DEG-miR-TF-protein–protein interaction network, DEM-mRNA network, ROC curve, and survival analyses were performed. Finally, qRT-PCR was applied to validate our results.
Results: From the high-throughput profiling studies of GC, we investigated 10 candidate mRNA and 7 candidate miRNAs as potential biomarkers. Expression analysis of these hubs revealed that 5 miRNAs (including miR-141-3p, miR-204-5p, miR-338-3p, miR-609, and miR-369-5p) were significantly upregulated compared to the controls. The genes with the highest degree included 6 upregulated and 4 downregulated genes in tumor samples compared to controls. The expression of miR-141-3p, miR-204-5p, SESTD1, and ANTXR1 were verified in vitro from these hub DEMs and DEGs. The findings indicated a decrease in the expression of miR-141-3p and miR-204-5p and increased expression of SESTD1 and ANTXR1 in GC cell lines compared to the GES-1 cell line.
Conclusions: The current investigation successfully recognized a set of prospective miRNAs and genes that may serve as potential biomarkers for GC's early diagnosis and prognosis.
