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en Regulation of Bone Metabolism بیوشیمی Biochemistry مقالات مروری Review <p style="text-align: justify;">Bone is formed through the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification. In endochondral ossification primary mesenchymal cells differentiate to chondrocytes and then are progressively substituted by bone, while in intramembranous ossification mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate directly into osteoblasts to form bone. The steps of osteogenic proliferation, differentiation, and bone homeostasis are controlled by various markers and signaling pathways. Bone needs to be remodeled to maintain integrity with osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, and osteoclasts, which are bone-degrading cells.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">In this review we considered the major factors and signaling pathways in bone formation; these include fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), wingless-type (Wnt) genes, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteoblast-specific transcription factor (osterix or OSX).</p> BMP, FGF, Osteogenesis, OSX, RUNS2, Wnt 73 82 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-69&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Maryam Shahi 10031947532846006202 10031947532846006202 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Amir Peymani a.peymani@gmail.com 10031947532846006203 10031947532846006203 Yes Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Mehdi Sahmani 10031947532846006204 10031947532846006204 No Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.