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en Investigate Freshwater Algae Extract's Efficacy in Treating Diabetes Ulcers and Its Anti-Staphylococcal Properties بیوشیمی Biochemistry مقالات اصلی Original Article <div class="WordSection1"> <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Infection of diabetic foot ulcer is very common and leads in 20% of cases to amputation. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the main cause of severe infection. Antibiotic resistance is a major challenge to the global health system. This work aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of some algae extracts against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: freshwater river samples were collected to isolate the algae, and PCR was used for identification. The ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate extract of these algae were prepared and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the key components that have antibacterial properties. The antibacterial activity of these extracts against S. aureus was determined by broth dilution and well diffusion methods. Results: Chlorella vulgaris and Anabaena flos-aquae were isolated from freshwater river and identified by PCR. Anabaena flos-aquae has a greater antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus in comparison to Chlorella vulgaris, and the ethanolic extract demonstrated superior outcomes compared to the aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts. The MS spectrum of both algae had a very similar pattern, but the frequency of detected peaks was different Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of A. flos-aquae and Chlorella vulgaris can be suggested to treat and control diabetic foot ulcer infection caused by S. aureus. Further studies are required to explore the full potential of these algae safely and extensively.  </div> <div align="center" class="CxSpMiddle" style="text-align:center"> <hr align="center" noshade="noshade" size="2" style="color:#0f243e" width="100%" ></div> </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><div aria-label="Page Break" class="cke_pagebreak" contenteditable="false" data-cke-display-name="pagebreak" data-cke-pagebreak="1" style="page-break-after:always" title="Page Break"></div></div> Algae, Bacterial Inhibition, Diabetes, Foot ulcer. 114 123 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1514-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Alwan Qader Ahmed 100319475328460020328 100319475328460020328 No Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq. Nyan Jasim Mohammed 100319475328460020329 100319475328460020329 No Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq. Zean Fetehallah Zefenkey Zean.feteh@knu.edu.iq 100319475328460020330 100319475328460020330 Yes Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq. Shilan Farhad Mamand 100319475328460020331 100319475328460020331 No Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq. Sahar Hassannejad 100319475328460020332 100319475328460020332 No Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq. Abdullah Othman Hassan 100319475328460020333 100319475328460020333 No Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq. Rawaz Rizgar Hassan 100319475328460020334 100319475328460020334 No Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq.