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en Efficacy of Photobiomodulation and Metformin on Diabetic Cell Line of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells through Keap1/Nrf2/Ho-1 Pathway زیست شناسی ملکولی Molecular Biology مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia contributes to oxidative stress, and the release of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) further promotes disease pathogenesis. Uncontrolled diabetes reflects great oral complications and affects human oral health. So, the present study aimed to assess the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and Metformin on proliferation and viability of human periodontal ligament stem cells (HPDLSCs) cultured in high glucose medium. Methods: HPDLSCs were collected, isolated, and characterized and then divided into eight groups. Addition of extra glucose to diabetic groups 24 hours before cell irradiations. Metformin was added to half of the diabetic groups. Cells were irradiated with 808 nm diode laser 24, 48 hours. Cell viability was analyzed with MTT assay 24 hours post-irradiation to detect cell viability in each group. Real-time (PCR) was used to evaluate gene expression of Nrf2, Keap1, PIK3, and HO-1 and the effect of PBMT on Keap1/Nrf2/Ho-1 Pathway. ELISA reader was used to evaluating cell viability through (ROS, TNF-α, IL-10) protein levels after cell irradiation. Results: Photobiomodulation at 1, 2, and 3 J/cm2 combined with metformin significantly promoted diabetic cell lines of HPDLSCs viability (in MTT assay and ELISA reader of ROS, TNF-α, IL-10 results) and gene expression of Nrf2, Keap1, PIK3, and HO-1 levels (p< 0.05). Conclusions: photobiomodulation with 3 J/cm2 combined with metformin enhanced proliferation and viability of diabetic cell lines of HPDLSCs and thus could improve differentiation and function of diabetic cell lines of HPDLSCs with minimum side effects.  </div> Diabetes Mellitus, Metformin, Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells, Photobiomodulation 30 40 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-580-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Latifa Mohamed Abdelgawad latifa@niles.edu.eg 100319475328460015469 100319475328460015469 Yes Department of Medical Laser applications, National Institute of laser enhanced science, Cairo University, Egypt. Manar Mohy Abd El-hamed 100319475328460015470 100319475328460015470 No Department of Medical Laser application, National Institute of laser enhanced science, Cairo University, Egypt Dina Sabry 100319475328460015471 100319475328460015471 No Department of biochemistry & molecular biology, faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. Marwa Abdelgwad 100319475328460015472 100319475328460015472 No Department of biochemistry & molecular biology, faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Egypt