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en Anti-Inflammatory Activity of S. Marianum and N. Sativa Extracts on Macrophages ایمنی شناسی Immunology مقالات اصلی Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Nigella sativa (N. sativa) and Silybum marianum (S. marianum) are used to regulate macrophage polarization in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells and thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal inflammation. Methods: Cytotoxicity assays and acute toxicity tests were performed to investigate the safe dose and toxicity of the prepared extracts. Also, nitric oxide production was determined by Griess assay on RAW264.7 and peritoneal macrophage supernatants. After RNA extraction from macrophages, real-time PCR was performed to measure the relative gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and IL-10. Finally, regulatory T cells (Treg cells) were counted by flow cytometry. Results: S. marianum methanolic extract (SME), N. sativa ethanolic extract (NEE), and their mixture (SME+NEE) decreased NO levels significantly in RAW264.7 and peritoneal murine macrophages. N. sativa ethanolic extract significantly increased IL-10 gene expression and significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-α expression in RAW264.7 cells. In mixture-treated peritoneal macrophages, IL-10 and TGF-β expression were significantly increased, while IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased. Also, the percentage of Treg cells was significantly greater in the mixture-treated cells than in controls. Conclusions: These results suggest that an SME and NEE mixture has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities and may be useful in the treatment of diseases of immunopathologic origin characterized by macrophage hyperactivation.</div> Cytokine, Inflammation, Nigella sativa, Nitric oxide, Silybum marianum. 288 301 http://rbmb.net/browse.php?a_code=A-10-154-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Maryam Bahrami 100319475328460012669 100319475328460012669 No Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Ali Ghazavi 100319475328460012670 100319475328460012670 No Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Ali Ganji 100319475328460012671 100319475328460012671 No Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Ghasem Mosayebi ghasemmosayebi@arakmu.ac.ir. 100319475328460012672 100319475328460012672 Yes Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.